문화예술 분야의 지방자치 강화는 지역 특성에 맞는 문화 정책을 수립하고, 주민의 참여를 확대하며, 문화의 다양성을 존중한다는 측면에서 그 중요성을 가진다. 자치입법의 궁극적인 목표는 헌법의 이념을 구체화하는 것으로, 문화예술 분야의 조례 입법은 헌법에 명시된 국가의 기본원리 중 하나인 문화국가원리와 헌법이 보장하는 문화적 기본권에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 이루어져야 한다. _x000D_
<br>지방자치단체의 문화진흥 의무는 2013년 제정된 「문화기본법」에서도 살펴볼 수 있는데, ‘문화적 관점에서 국민의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향’ 등을 평가하는 문화영향평가를 의무화하고 있으나 지방자치단체 주도의 문화영향평가 수가 매년 줄어 들고 있어 지방자치단체 주도의 문화영향평가가 활성화되어야 한다. _x000D_
<br>한편, 지방자치단체의 조례의 실효성과 타당성 등을 사전 또는 사후에 평가하는 제도인 조례 입법영향분석은 각 지방자치단체가 헌법의 이념에 부합하는 조례를 입법하는데 기여할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 입법근거 및 법적합성, 유효성 및 효율성, 공평성, 주민의견 수용성, 지원의 적정성, 조례의 필요성 등 사후 입법영향분석 지표를 토대로 조례를 평가하였다. _x000D_
<br>이를 바탕으로 문화예술 분야 조례의 실효성을 제고할 수 있는 방법에 대해 논의하여 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 문화영향평가 제도의 활성화를 통해 평가 결과를 문화예술 분야 조례에 반영함으로써 실효성을 확보할 수 있다. 둘째, 입법영향분석 참여자의 문화예술 관련 전문지식 함양 및 입법영향분석 전문인력의 양성이 선행되어야 한다. 셋째, 사전·사후 입법영향분석지표의 검토를 통해 중복되는 분석항목의 재정비와 함께 문화예술 관련 전문가 의견 등 정성평가의 보완이 필요하다. 마지막으로, 입법영향분석의 공정성과 객관성 보장을 위해 제3의 독립기관을 만들거나 입법영향분석을 외부기관에 위임하는 방법을 고려할 수 있으나, 이때 입법권 침해 문제가 발생하지 않도록 해야 하며, 문화예술 관련 조례에 대한 입법영향분석을 관련 상임위원회에서 수행하도록 하면 문화예술 관련 법제에 대한 이해를 입법영향분석에 반영할 수 있을 것이다.|Strengthening local autonomy in the field of culture and arts is important in terms of establishing cultural policies suited to regional characteristics, expanding resident participation, and respecting cultural diversity. The ultimate goal of local legislation is to concretize the ideals of the Constitution. Ordinance legislation in the field of culture and arts should be based on an understanding of the cultural state principle, one of the fundamental principles of the state enshrined in the Constitution, and the cultural rights guaranteed by the Constitution._x000D_
<br>Local governments’ obligations to promote culture can also be seen in the Framework Act on Culture enacted in 2013, requiring cultural impact assessments to assess ‘the impact on the quality of life of the people from a cultural point of view’, but the number of cultural impact assessments led by local governments is decreasing every year, so cultural impact assessments led by local governments should be activated._x000D_
<br>Legislative impact analysis of ordinances, which is a system that evaluates the effectiveness and validity of local governments’ ordinances either before or after their enactment, can contribute to each local government enacting ordinances that align with the ideals of the Constitution. In this study, we evaluated ordinances using post-legislative impact analysis indicators such as legislative grounds and legal compliance, effectiveness and efficiency, fairness, acceptance of public opinion, adequacy of support, and the necessity of ordinances._x000D_
<br>Additionally, based on this evaluation, we discussed the ways to enhance the effectiveness of ordinances in the field of culture and arts, leading to the following conclusions. First, through the activation of the cultural impact assessment system, the evaluation results can be reflected in the culture and arts ordinances to ensure effectiveness. Second, it is necessary to cultivate specialized knowledge related to culture and arts of participants in legislative impact analysis and to cultivate specialists in legislative impact analysis. Third, it is necessary to reorganize overlapping analysis items through a review of legislative impact analysis indicators before and after, and to supplement qualitative evaluation such as expert opinions related to culture and arts._x000D_
<br>Finally, to ensure fairness and objectivity in legislative impact analysis, a method of creating a third independent institution or delegating legislative impact analysis to an external institution may be considered, but at this time, the problem of infringement of legislative rights should not occur. In addition, if the relevant standing committee conducts legislative impact analysis on ordinances related to culture and arts, an understanding of the laws related to culture and arts can be reflected in the legislative impact analysis.
Alternative Abstract
Strengthening local autonomy in the field of culture and arts is important in terms of establishing cultural policies suited to regional characteristics, expanding resident participation, and respecting cultural diversity. The ultimate goal of local legislation is to concretize the ideals of the Constitution. Ordinance legislation in the field of culture and arts should be based on an understanding of the cultural state principle, one of the fundamental principles of the state enshrined in the Constitution, and the cultural rights guaranteed by the Constitution._x000D_
<br>Local governments’ obligations to promote culture can also be seen in the Framework Act on Culture enacted in 2013, requiring cultural impact assessments to assess ‘the impact on the quality of life of the people from a cultural point of view’, but the number of cultural impact assessments led by local governments is decreasing every year, so cultural impact assessments led by local governments should be activated._x000D_
<br>Legislative impact analysis of ordinances, which is a system that evaluates the effectiveness and validity of local governments’ ordinances either before or after their enactment, can contribute to each local government enacting ordinances that align with the ideals of the Constitution. In this study, we evaluated ordinances using post-legislative impact analysis indicators such as legislative grounds and legal compliance, effectiveness and efficiency, fairness, acceptance of public opinion, adequacy of support, and the necessity of ordinances._x000D_
<br>Additionally, based on this evaluation, we discussed the ways to enhance the effectiveness of ordinances in the field of culture and arts, leading to the following conclusions. First, through the activation of the cultural impact assessment system, the evaluation results can be reflected in the culture and arts ordinances to ensure effectiveness. Second, it is necessary to cultivate specialized knowledge related to culture and arts of participants in legislative impact analysis and to cultivate specialists in legislative impact analysis. Third, it is necessary to reorganize overlapping analysis items through a review of legislative impact analysis indicators before and after, and to supplement qualitative evaluation such as expert opinions related to culture and arts._x000D_
<br>Finally, to ensure fairness and objectivity in legislative impact analysis, a method of creating a third independent institution or delegating legislative impact analysis to an external institution may be considered, but at this time, the problem of infringement of legislative rights should not occur. In addition, if the relevant standing committee conducts legislative impact analysis on ordinances related to culture and arts, an understanding of the laws related to culture and arts can be reflected in the legislative impact analysis.
