혈청 혈액검사에서 B형간염표면항원(HBsAg)이 양성이면 현재 급성 또는 만성B형간염에 감염 중이거나 간의 염증반응은 없지만 언제든 생길 수 있는 B형간염 바이러스 보유자인 경우를 뜻한다. 만성 B형간염은 간경변증 및 간암 원인의 약 70% 이상을 차지하는 간암 고위험 질병이다. 보균자의 경우 간암발생이 1.7%대에 그친다는 연구가 있지만 15-40%는 생애에서 만성B형간염으로 면역 활성화되기도 한다. 이렇듯 B형간염바이러스 보유자는 만성 바이러스성 간염에서 간암으로 이어지는 질병 발생의 고위험군이며, 이와 연관된 각종 질병부담을 줄이고자 한다면 B형간염바이러스 보유자의 건강 관리 상태는 기본적으로 점검해보아야 할 사항이다. 그중에서도 주기적인 암검진 수검 여부는 중요한 항목이라 할 수 있다. 만성 B형간염이 간암의 고위험 원인질병이면서, 간외암의 항암화학요법제 등의 치료로 B형간염 바이러스의 증식 및 불량한 예후를 보일 수 있으므로 간암을 포함한 종합적인 암검진이 필수 이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 B형간염바이러스 보유자에서의 암검진 행태를 분석하여 미수검의 주요 요인과 이를 바탕으로 한 제안점을 제시하고자 하였다._x000D_
<br>본 연구는 2007년부터 2021년까지 조사된 제4~8기 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 국내 성인 B형간염표면항원 양성인 자의 암검진 수검률과 그 추이를 살펴보고, B형간염표면항원 양성인 자의 B형간염 의사진단 경험에 따른 암검진 수검을 살펴보았다. 그리고 연구 대상자의 일반적, 건강 관련 특성을 통제하여 B형간염 의사진단 경험과 암검진 수검과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 총 2,266명의 B형간염표면항원 양성인 연구대상자 중 암검진 수검군은 1,367명, 암검진 미수검군은 899명으로 전체 암검진 수검률은 58.5%를 기록하였다. 연도별 수검률을 살펴보면 연평균변화율 3.6%로 전반적인 상승 추세를 보였으나 마지막조사 연도인 2021년에도 수검률은 71.2%로서 28.8%는 최근 2년동안 한 번도 검진을 받지 않은 것으로 나타났다._x000D_
<br>본 연구에서는 B형간염 의사진단 경험이 있는 B형간염표면항원 양성인 자보다 의사진단 경험이 없는 B형간염표면항원 양성인 자에서 암검진을 받지 않을 가능성이 높음을 두가지 모형으로 밝혔다. 연구대상자의 독립변수와 종속변수 모두와 연관이 있는 변수를 통제하고 분석한 Model 1 분석에서는 의사진단 경험 없는 군의 암검진 미수검의 오즈비는 1.37배 (95% CI 1.01-1.85) 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 문헌 고찰을 통해 독립변수와 종속변수 모두와 연관이 있는 것으로 밝혀진 변수를 통제하고 분석한 Model 2 분석에서는 의사진단 경험 없는 군의 암검진 미수검의 오즈비는 1.51배 (95% CI 1.09-2.09) 유의하게 높게 나타났다._x000D_
<br>본 연구를 바탕으로 B형간염 의사진단경험을 향상시키기 위해 B형간염 선별검사 시행연령을 앞당기길 권고한다. B형간염 의사진단경험 향상을 통해 암검진 수검률이 향상되고 실제 임상현장에서 이를 바탕으로 HBV 보유자의 전반적인 건강관리 및 검진 지침이 마련되기를 기대한다.|If the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is positive in the serum blood test, it means that the person is currently infected with acute or chronic hepatitis B or has no inflammatory reaction of the liver, but has the hepatitis B virus that can occur at any time. Chronic hepatitis B is a high-risk disease for liver cancer that accounts for more than 70% of the causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is a study that the incidence of liver cancer in carriers is only in the 1.7% range, but 15-40% are immunized with chronic hepatitis B in their lifetime. As such, hepatitis B virus holders are high-risk groups for diseases from chronic viral hepatitis to liver cancer, and if you want to reduce the burden of various diseases related to this, the health management status of hepatitis B virus holders is basically a matter to be checked. Among them, whether or not to undergo periodic cancer screening is an important item. Chronic hepatitis B is a high-risk cause disease for liver cancer, and treatment such as chemotherapy for extrahepatic cancer may show the proliferation and poor prognosis of the hepatitis B virus, so a comprehensive cancer screening including liver cancer is essential. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the cancer screening behavior of hepatitis B virus holders and tried to present the main factors of the non-examination and suggestions based on this._x000D_
<br>Using the 4th to 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey surveyed from 2007 to 2021, this study examined the cancer screening rate and trend of domestic adult hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients, and examined the cancer screening test according to the hepatitis B doctor's diagnosis experience of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients. In addition, the relationship between the doctor's diagnosis experience of hepatitis B and the cancer screening test was analyzed by controlling the general and health-related characteristics of the study subjects. Among a total of 2,266 people who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, the cancer screening group was 1,367 and the cancer screening group was 899, and the total cancer screening rate was 58.5%. Looking at the annual examination rate, the annual average increase rate was 3.6%, but even in 2021, the last survey year, the examination rate was 71.2%, and this implied 28.8% had not undergone any examination in the last two years._x000D_
<br>In this study, two models revealed that those who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen without doctor diagnosis experience are more likely not to receive cancer screening than those who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen with doctor diagnosis experience. In the Model 1 analysis, which controlled and analyzed variables related to both independent and dependent variables of the study subjects, the odds ratio of the non-performing cancer screening test in the group without doctor diagnosis experience was 1.37 times (95% CI 1.01-1.85) significantly higher. In the Model 2 analysis, which controlled and analyzed variables found to be related to both independent and dependent variables through literature review, the odds ratio of the non-performing cancer screening test in the group without doctor diagnosis was significantly higher by 1.51 times (95% CI 1.09-2.09)._x000D_
<br>Based on this study, it is recommended to advance the age of the screening test for hepatitis B in order to improve the diagnostic experience of doctors with hepatitis B. It is expected that the cancer screening rate will be improved by improving the diagnostic experience of doctors with hepatitis B, and overall health management and screening guidelines for HBV holders will be prepared based on this in the actual clinical field.
Alternative Abstract
If the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is positive in the serum blood test, it means that the person is currently infected with acute or chronic hepatitis B or has no inflammatory reaction of the liver, but has the hepatitis B virus that can occur at any time. Chronic hepatitis B is a high-risk disease for liver cancer that accounts for more than 70% of the causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is a study that the incidence of liver cancer in carriers is only in the 1.7% range, but 15-40% are immunized with chronic hepatitis B in their lifetime. As such, hepatitis B virus holders are high-risk groups for diseases from chronic viral hepatitis to liver cancer, and if you want to reduce the burden of various diseases related to this, the health management status of hepatitis B virus holders is basically a matter to be checked. Among them, whether or not to undergo periodic cancer screening is an important item. Chronic hepatitis B is a high-risk cause disease for liver cancer, and treatment such as chemotherapy for extrahepatic cancer may show the proliferation and poor prognosis of the hepatitis B virus, so a comprehensive cancer screening including liver cancer is essential. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the cancer screening behavior of hepatitis B virus holders and tried to present the main factors of the non-examination and suggestions based on this._x000D_
<br>Using the 4th to 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey surveyed from 2007 to 2021, this study examined the cancer screening rate and trend of domestic adult hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients, and examined the cancer screening test according to the hepatitis B doctor's diagnosis experience of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients. In addition, the relationship between the doctor's diagnosis experience of hepatitis B and the cancer screening test was analyzed by controlling the general and health-related characteristics of the study subjects. Among a total of 2,266 people who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, the cancer screening group was 1,367 and the cancer screening group was 899, and the total cancer screening rate was 58.5%. Looking at the annual examination rate, the annual average increase rate was 3.6%, but even in 2021, the last survey year, the examination rate was 71.2%, and this implied 28.8% had not undergone any examination in the last two years._x000D_
<br>In this study, two models revealed that those who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen without doctor diagnosis experience are more likely not to receive cancer screening than those who are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen with doctor diagnosis experience. In the Model 1 analysis, which controlled and analyzed variables related to both independent and dependent variables of the study subjects, the odds ratio of the non-performing cancer screening test in the group without doctor diagnosis experience was 1.37 times (95% CI 1.01-1.85) significantly higher. In the Model 2 analysis, which controlled and analyzed variables found to be related to both independent and dependent variables through literature review, the odds ratio of the non-performing cancer screening test in the group without doctor diagnosis was significantly higher by 1.51 times (95% CI 1.09-2.09)._x000D_
<br>Based on this study, it is recommended to advance the age of the screening test for hepatitis B in order to improve the diagnostic experience of doctors with hepatitis B. It is expected that the cancer screening rate will be improved by improving the diagnostic experience of doctors with hepatitis B, and overall health management and screening guidelines for HBV holders will be prepared based on this in the actual clinical field.