A series of LEDs that have a green CdSe@ZnS quantum dot (QD) emitting layer (EML) in response to treatment with formic acid (FA), 1,3-benzenedithiol (BDT), and 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) were fabricated and investigated. The initial long-chained ligands of oleic acid-based CdSe@ZnS QD layers were partially replaced by short-chained and more conductive ligands of FA, BDT, and EDT that can offer to improve the performance of QD-LEDs (QLEDs). Comparison of the operation characteristics of QLEDs without and with various solution treatments revealed that the control of charge injection and recombination conditions in QD EMLs is the key step for the improvement of the efficiency of our devices. The best device performance was observed for EDT treatment with the maximum luminance and luminous efficiency of 3776 cd m−2 and 1.47 cd A−1, respectively, which are increased by 487% and 270% compared with those of the untreated QLED. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
We acknowledge financial support from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under Grant Number 103.03-2020.09. SL acknowledges support by the \u201cHuman Resources Program in Energy Technology\u201d of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Republic of Korea (Grant No. 20164030201380), and by the GRRC program of Gyeonggi province [Grant No. GRRC-AJOU2016B03, Photonics-Medical Convergence Technology Research Center].
