Biowaste management is a challenging job as it is high in nutrient content and its disposal in open may cause a serious environmental and health risk. Traditional technologies such as landfill, bio-composting, and incineration are used for biowaste management. To gain revenue from biowaste researchers around the world focusing on the integration of biowaste management with other commercial products such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), biohydrogen, and bioplastic (polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)), etc. PHA production from various biowastes such as lignocellulosic biomass, municipal waste, waste cooking oils, biodiesel industry waste, and syngas has been reported successfully. Various nutrient factors i.e., carbon and nitrogen source concentration and availability of dissolved oxygen are crucial factors for PHA production. This review is an attempt to summarize the recent advancements in PHA production from various biowaste, its downstream processing, and other challenges that need to overcome making bioplastic an alternate for synthetic plastic.
The authors would like to acknowledge the KU Research Professor Program of Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea. This research was supported by the C1 Gas Refinery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT ( 2015M3D3A1A01064882 ) and by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [ NRF-2019R1F1A1058805 and NRF-2019M3E6A1103979 ]. This study was also performed with the support of the R&D Program for Forest Science Technology [grant number 2020261C10-2022-AC02 ] provided by Korea Forest Service (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute) and the R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT [grant number 20009508]. SVO thanks the UGC, Government of India for awarding Dr. D.S. Kothari Post-Doctoral Fellowship.
